Streptococcus equi subsp. detected at 6.8% relative abundance with concurrent Enterobacteriaceae bloom. Pattern consistent with active enteric inflammation; veterinarian review required within 48 hours.
Strain dependent presence of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi in equine respiratory and digestive tracts
Blackmore TM, Dugdale A, et al. · Veterinary Microbiology · 2013
Documents S. equi subsp. presence in equine GI tracts; informs pathogen-screening thresholds.
Comparison of the fecal microbiota of healthy horses and horses with colitis by high throughput sequencing of the V3–V5 region of the 16S rRNA gene
Costa MC, Arroyo LG, et al. · PLOS ONE · 2012
Foundational study establishing the equine fecal microbiome baseline and characterizing dysbiosis signatures in clinical colitis.
Changes in the faecal microbiota of mares precede the development of post partum colic
Weese JS, Holcombe SJ, et al. · Equine Veterinary Journal · 2015
Demonstrates that shifts in fecal microbiota precede clinical colic — supports preemptive monitoring rationale.
Horse species symposium: The microbiome of the horse hindgut: history and current knowledge
Julliand V, Grimm P · Journal of Animal Science · 2016
Review of hindgut microbial ecology, fiber-fermentation pathways, and the role of Fibrobacter and Lachnospiraceae populations.
Characterisation of the fecal microbiota of healthy adult horses
Stewart HL, Pitta D, et al. · Equine Veterinary Journal · 2018
Cohort study characterizing the fecal microbiota of healthy adult horses across stable management conditions; defines population reference envelopes.
Strain dependent presence of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi in equine respiratory and digestive tracts
Blackmore TM, Dugdale A, et al. · Veterinary Microbiology · 2013
Documents S. equi subsp. presence in equine GI tracts; informs pathogen-screening thresholds.
Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes in fecal samples reveals high diversity of hindgut microflora in horses and potential links to chronic laminitis
Steelman SM, Chowdhary BP, et al. · BMC Veterinary Research · 2012
Links hindgut microbial signatures to chronic laminitis risk; basis for opportunistic-pathogen monitoring.
Comparison of the fecal microbiota of healthy horses and horses with colitis by high throughput sequencing of the V3–V5 region of the 16S rRNA gene
Costa MC, Arroyo LG, et al. · PLOS ONE · 2012
Foundational study establishing the equine fecal microbiome baseline and characterizing dysbiosis signatures in clinical colitis.
Comparison of the fecal microbiota in horses with equine metabolic syndrome and metabolically normal controls
Elzinga SE, Weese JS, Adams AA · Journal of Equine Veterinary Science · 2016
Identifies dysbiosis signatures specific to equine metabolic syndrome — informs caution flags on Proteobacteria elevations.
Characterization of the fecal bacteria communities of forage-fed horses by pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA V4 gene amplicons
Shepherd ML, Swecker WS, et al. · FEMS Microbiology Letters · 2012
Pyrosequencing characterization of forage-fed equine microbiota; supports fiber-fermenter reference ranges.
Short-chain fructo-oligosaccharide supplementation effects on intestinal microflora and immune response of horses
Respondek F, Goachet AG, Julliand V · Journal of Animal Science · 2008
Evaluates prebiotic supplementation effects on equine gut microbial communities; cited for supplement-protocol rationale.